In the framework of the GeoCOOL FOOD targeted research project, Slovenian researchers from GeoZS, the Faculty of Biotechnology at the University of Ljubljana and the Jožef Stefan Institute have developed an interdisciplinary methodology and prepared technical guidelines for the cost-effective use of shallow geothermal energy for cooling cold stores on farms. The aim of the project is to increase the energy self-sufficiency of farms, reducing energy costs and, consequently, the price of food for the final consumer. The guidelines stress the importance of planning according to the individual energy needs, natural conditions and development objectives of each farm.

Based on a first inventory of cold stores on farms, the researchers measured the optimal climatic conditions in and around the cold stores at two selected locations, Munda Farm in Podravje and Turk Farm in Posavje. In Brod, Podboč, a 100-metre deep exploratory borehole was drilled and, for the first time in Slovenia, advanced temperature measurement equipment (DTS fibre optics) was installed in a geothermal borehole, which significantly improved the interpretation of thermal response tests.

The first map of the geothermal potential for cooling in Slovenia was also produced. It was found that the potential of geoprobes is limited, so open water-to-water systems using pumped and submersible wells are recommended for larger cooling plants.

The project results include the integration of energy modelling of cold stores, the technological selection of the most suitable geothermal systems (water-to-water, ground-to-water, hybrid systems) and simulation and economic approaches to verify their performance. It has been shown that properly designed geothermal systems can significantly reduce energy use and CO₂ emissions and provide high seasonal efficiencies, especially in cases of combined use for cooling and heating.

The geothermal potential quantification model showed the benefits of a balanced use of the geoprobe for cooling and heating, reducing the environmental impact of the installation and the required drilling depth, increasing the economic efficiency of the investment.

More information on the project and the guidelines can be found at here.