{"id":897425,"date":"2026-02-02T12:52:38","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T11:52:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geo-zs.si\/?page_id=897425"},"modified":"2026-04-14T08:17:26","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T07:17:26","slug":"rudnik-rjavega-premoga-senovo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.geo-zs.si\/en\/rudnik-rjavega-premoga-senovo\/","title":{"rendered":"Senovo brown coal mine"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The discovery of coal above Senovo village in the Re\u0161tanj area dates back to 1796. After initial surface mining, underground mining began in 1833. In 1855, the montanist Heinrich Drasche presented the achievements of Austrian coal mining, including Senovo as a 'very large deposit of brown coal', at the World Exhibition in Paris. In 1862, Drasche sent a 42.6 kg box of Senovo coal for the second time to the World Exhibition in London and, at the next World Exhibition in 1867, again in Paris, presented it as \"a beautiful shining coal with little unburnable residue\". In 1873, the World Exhibition was held in Vienna, and again Drasche presented Senovo coal there (Seher, 1986).<\/p>

In 1904, the Trbovlje Coal Mining Company acquired the mining rights for coal extraction. Exploratory drilling and underground work soon revealed that the high-quality hard brown coal seam, approximately 25 m thick, dips steeply to the south. The Senovo coal mine was geologically described in the 'Elaboration on the categorisation, classification and calculation of coal reserves in the Senovo mine area on 31.12.1996'. The most important expert works are listed in this study. An excellent monograph on the Senovo Mine was written in 1986 by mining engineer Anton Seher. In line with the strategic orientations of the Slovenian State, coal production in Senovo ceased at the beginning of 1997.<\/p>

The Senovo coal is of Oligocene age (Buser, S., 1977). The coal seam averages 20 m in thickness. The upper calorific value on a dry, ash-free basis (a measure of the degree of carbonification) is 27.73 MJ\/kg. The sulphur content is high, at 3.5\u20134.0% (on a dry basis).\u00a0<\/p>

Coal was explored and mined in the Zakov, Dol, Re\u0161tanj and Srebotno areas (caves), and from 1972 onwards only in Zakov. In the last three years of operation, just under 135,000 tonnes of coal were mined in total, compared with between 200,000 and almost 300,000 tonnes per year during the peak years (1946\u20131970).<\/p>

The main aquifers are Triassic dolomite and Lithotamnian (Miocene\u2013Badenian) limestone below the +270 m level (Ravne rov). Water was pumped from three pumping stations; after the closure of the coal mine, it returned to its original level. During the final period of operation, water inflows were 2\u20133 m3<\/sup>\/min.<\/p>

The mining workings were developed to an altitude of approximately 0 (lowest water pumping station), while the lowest extraction levels were slightly higher, at +44 and +28 respectively. The remaining coal reserves of A, B and C1<\/sub>, are categorised as off-balance sheet, due to the end of production after 1996, and amount to just under 760,000 tonnes, with a lower heating value of 16.36 MJ\/kg (at 19% moisture and 19% ash) and a total sulphur content of 2.73%.<\/p>

At one of the entrances to the underground works in Ravne, at an altitude of +270 m, there is now a small open-air museum with mining equipment.<\/p>

Prepared by mag. Andrej Lapanje and dr. Milo\u0161 Marki\u010d, January 2026<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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References:<\/p>

Budkovi\u010d, T., \u0160ajn, R., Gosar, M.,2004: Overview of operating and abandoned coal and mineral mines in the Republic of Slovenia. Geological Survey of Slovenia. GeoZS archive (C-II-30d\/h-2\/18-a) (in Slovenian).<\/p>

Buser, S., 1977: Basic geological map SFRJ 1:100.000 \u2013 Explanatory notes for sheet Celje L33-76. - Zvezni geolo\u0161ki zavod, Beograd. (in Slovenian).<\/p>

\u010ce\u0161miga, I., 1959: Mining in the People's Republic of Slovenia. Nova proizvodnja - newsletter of the Union of Associations of Engineers and Technicians of the People's Republic of Slovenia. 268 p. (The book is a reprint of articles that appeared in the magazine \"Nova proizvodnja\" from No. 1\/1956 to No. 1\/1959.) (in Slovenian).<\/p>

Marki\u010d, M., 1997: Elaboration on the categorisation, classification and calculation of coal reserves on 31. 12. 1996. In\u0161titut za geologijo, geotehniko in geofiziko. GeoZS archive (C-II-30d\/a2-50\/35-11). (in Slovenian).\u00a0<\/p>

Marki\u010d, M., 2007: H\/C versus O\/C atomic ratio characterization of selected coals in Slovenia. Geologija, 50\/2, 403-426,\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5474\/geologija.2007.028<\/a>.<\/p>

Seher, A., 1986: History of the Senovo coal mine, 261 p., SOZD REK \"Edvard Kardelj\", TOZD Rudnik rjavega premoga Senovo; on the occasion of the 190th anniversary of the coal mine Senovo. (in Slovenian).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/section>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/section>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Najdba premoga nad Senovim na obmo\u010dju Re\u0161tanja sega v leto 1796. Po za\u010detnem odkopavanju na povr\u0161ini se je leta 1833 za\u010delo rudarjenje s podzemnimi deli. Leta 1855 je montanist Heinrich Drasche na svetovni razstavi v Parizu predstavil dose\u017eke avstrijskega premogovni\u0161tva, med njimi tudi Senovo kot \u201czelo veliko nahajali\u0161\u010de rjavega premoga\u00ab. Na svetovno razstavo leta 1862 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":897421,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-897425","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRudnik rjavega premoga Senovo - GeoZS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geo-zs.si\/en\/rudnik-rjavega-premoga-senovo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rudnik rjavega premoga Senovo - GeoZS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Najdba premoga nad Senovim na obmo\u010dju Re\u0161tanja sega v leto 1796. Po za\u010detnem odkopavanju na povr\u0161ini se je leta 1833 za\u010delo rudarjenje s podzemnimi deli. Leta 1855 je montanist Heinrich Drasche na svetovni razstavi v Parizu predstavil dose\u017eke avstrijskega premogovni\u0161tva, med njimi tudi Senovo kot \u201czelo veliko nahajali\u0161\u010de rjavega premoga\u00ab. 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Po za\u010detnem odkopavanju na povr\u0161ini se je leta 1833 za\u010delo rudarjenje s podzemnimi deli. Leta 1855 je montanist Heinrich Drasche na svetovni razstavi v Parizu predstavil dose\u017eke avstrijskega premogovni\u0161tva, med njimi tudi Senovo kot \u201czelo veliko nahajali\u0161\u010de rjavega premoga\u00ab. 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